SPIRIT-DEFINE explanation and elaboration: recommendations for enhancing quality and impact of early phase dose-finding clinical trials protocols.

Unlabelled: Transparent and accurate reporting in early phase dose-finding (EPDF) clinical trials is crucial for informing subsequent larger trials. The SPIRIT statement, designed for trial protocol content, does not adequately cover the distinctive features of EPDF trials. Recent findings indicate that the protocol contents in past EPDF trials frequently lacked completeness and clarity.

CONSORT-DEFINE explanation and elaboration: recommendations for enhancing reporting quality and impact of early phase dose-finding clinical trials.

Unlabelled: Early phase dose-finding (EPDF) trials are key in the development of novel therapies, with their findings directly informing subsequent clinical development phases and providing valuable insights for reverse translation. Comprehensive and transparent reporting of these studies is critical for their accurate and critical interpretation, which may improve and expedite therapeutic development. However, quality of reporting of design characteristics and results from EPDF trials is often variable and incomplete.

Scoping review of registration of observational studies finds inadequate registration policies, increased registration, and a debate converging towards pro-registration.

Objective: We aimed to examine a) the policies of national and international clinical trial registries regarding observational studies; b) the time-trends of observational study registration; c) the published arguments for and against observational study registration.

Study Design And Setting: Scoping review of registry practices and published arguments. We searched the websites and databases of all 19 members of the World Health Organization's Registry Network to identify policies relating to observational studies and the number of observational studies registered annually from the beginning of the registries to 2022.

Association of Pregnancy Complications with Endometrial or Ovarian or Breast Cancer: A Case Control Study.

: The relationship between pregnancy complications and the risk of gynecological and breast cancer remains inconclusive, with limited research available. This study aimed to determine whether pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), large for gestational age (LGA), or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are associated with the development of endometrial cancer (EC), ovarian cancer (OC), or breast cancer (BC). : This was a population-based case-control study linked to the National Health Insurance Research Database from 2008 to 2020, using ICD codes to identify parous gynecological cases (n = 6714).

The Role of Neuroglia in the Development and Progression of Schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is a complex heterogenous disorder thought to be caused by interactions between genetic and environmental factors. The theories developed to explain the etiology of schizophrenia have focused largely on the dysfunction of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin and glutamate with their receptors, although research in the past several decades has indicated strongly that other factors are also involved and that the role of neuroglial cells in psychotic disorders including schizophrenia should be given more attention. Although glia were originally thought to be present in the brain only to support neurons in a physical, metabolic and nutritional capacity, it has become apparent that these cells have a variety of important physiological roles and that abnormalities in their function may make significant contributions to the symptoms of schizophrenia.