The strongest resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to erythromycin is caused by decreasing uptake of the antibiotic into the cells.

The consequence of excessive use of macrolides is a high occurrence of mechanisms responsible for resistance to these drugs. Of 97 erythromycin-resistant bacterial strains gathered in the Wrocław area in Poland, 60% exhibited very high resistance, and those with the inducible MLS(B) (macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B) resistance phenotype predominated. Direct genetic investigation revealed that the erm genes coding for ribosomal methylases are the most frequently occurring erythromycin resistance-determining genes.

[Antibodies to Klebsiella O-antigens in patients with seronegative spondyloarthropaties].

Objectives: The pathogenesis of seronegative spondyloarthropathies is still unknown. A microbial etiology has been suggested. The aim of the study was to analyze the antibodies against Klebsiella O-antigens in serum of patients with seronegative spondyloarthropathies.

Penetration of a selected antibiotic and antiseptic into a biofilm formed on orthopedic steel implants.

Background: The aim of the study was to determine the impact of octenidine hydrochloride and gentamicin on bacterial survival and reduction of biofilms formed on orthopaedic metal implants.

Material And Methods: We studied metal orthopaedic components (screws, nails, fragments of wires used in Ilizarov devices) and a bone sequester. The presence and intensity of biofilm formation on the medical biomaterials was determined using the method of Richards et al.

Major structural proteins of type 1 and type 3 Klebsiella fimbriae are effective protein carriers and immunogens in conjugates as revealed from their immunochemical characterization.

Fimbriae are filamentous structures present on the cell surface of many bacteria, including genus Klebsiella. The use of fimbriae as protein carriers in conjugates may allow to formulate effective multivalent vaccines and suitable diagnostics. However, the evidences have been reported that fimbriae may enhance the inflammatory response.

[Adhesion dependence of coagulase-negative staphylococci to biomaterials and PIA polysaccharide synthesis on icaADBC operon presence].

Both Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus haemolyticus are important causes of infections associated with catheters and other medical devices. This infections result in significant morbidity, mortality and economic cost. It has recently been shown that not only S.