[Degradation of proteins by ubiquitin proteasome pathway].

All intracellular and some extracellular proteins are continually degraded and replaced by synthesis of new proteins. Both these processes need to stay in equilibrium since their balance may lead to emergence of diseases. Cells contain many proteolytic systems that ensure highly specific and controlled degradation of proteins.

[Comparative plasma proteomic analysis of patients with multiple myeloma treated with bortezomib-based regimens].

Backgrounds: Recently, the term biomarker has become, especially in connection with the term clinical proteomics, one of the most frequent terms in the field of biomedical research. The aim of this work was to select an appropriate pre-fractionation method of blood plasma prior to a subsequent proteomic analysis of low-abundant fraction of proteins by two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry to improve the resolution of 2-DE maps and protein identification.

Materials And Methods: First, we compared two prefractionation methods (MARS versus ProteoMiner) preceding 2-DE analysis using 10 blood plasma samples.

Impact of nestin analysis in multiple myeloma.

Nestin, a marker of multipotent precursor cells, is an important dynamic structure; its polymerization/depolymerization influences intracellular signaling and participates in key cell processes such as proliferation, migration and cell survival. It is presumed that nestin plays a central role in carcinogenesis. It is suggested that nestin might be a suitable diagnostic and prognostic indicator of malignancy and a potential marker of cancer stem cells.

Sample processing and methodological pitfalls in multiple myeloma research.

In this paper, initial processing of biological material, cell separation algorithms and other procedures are discussed. For samples with initial infiltration of plasma cells > 5%, CD138 MicroBeads and Auto-Magnetic-Activated Cell Sorting program are used. Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting is used exclusively for cell populations with low-abundance; these samples are detected using fluorescently labeled antibodies only.

Proteomic analysis in multiple myeloma research.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell (PC) malignancy characterized by the accumulation of monoclonal PCs in the bone marrow. For deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of this disease, the influence of microenvironment, or the prediction of response of tumor PCs to anti-MM treatment, it is possible to use modern technologies for genomic and proteomic analyses. Due to progress in instrumentation, one of the main tools of proteomic analysis is mass spectrometry in combination with chosen separation techniques.