Knee Intraosseous Injections: A Systematic Review of Clinical Evidence of Different Treatment Alternatives.

Objective: To systematically review the available clinical evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of knee intraosseous injections for the treatment of bone marrow lesions in patients affected by knee osteoarthritis.

Design: A literature search was carried out on PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases in January 2020. The following inclusion criteria were adopted: (1) studies of any level of evidence, dealing with subchondral injection of bone substitute materials and/or biologic agents; (2) studies with minimum 5 patients treated; and (3) studies with at least 6 months' follow-up evaluation.

Epidemiology of HCV infection in the general population: a survey in a southern Italian town.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the general population older than 18 years of age in a southern Italian town.

Methods: The survey was conducted from July 2005 through January 2007 in Putignano, Bari, Apulia. A random 1:5 sampling from the list of records maintained by general practitioners was used.

Lipopolysaccharide-, granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor and pentoxifylline-mediated effects on formyl-methionyl-leucine-phenylalanine-stimulated neutrophil respiratory burst in the elderly.

The impairment of superoxide anion (O2-) generation by aged polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) stimulated with formyl-methionyl-leucine-phenylalanine (FMLP) has been reported. In this work the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and pentoxifylline (POF) pretreatment on FMLP-triggered neutrophil oxidative metabolism in a group of healthy elderly individuals, was investigated. Results provide evidence that LPS and/or GM-CSF priming was able to enhance O2- production in old PMN, even if values were still lower than those observed in similarly-treated young cells.

Age-associated changes of neutrophil responsiveness in a human healthy elderly population.

Conflicting results have been reported on polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell responsiveness during senescence. Consequently, neutrophil absolute numbers and PMN-mediated chemotaxis, phagocytosis, killing and superoxide anion (O2-) generation in healthy aged volunteers divided into different groups according to increasing age criteria, were investigated and evaluated. Data provide evidence that absolute amounts of PMN cells declined in a significant manner in donors over 85 years old only when compared with young subjects.