Cortico-thalamic tremor circuits and their associations with deep brain stimulation effects in essential tremor.

Essential tremor (ET) is one of the most common movement disorders in adults. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the ventralis intermediate nucleus (VIM) of the thalamus and/or the posterior subthalamic area (PSA) has been shown to provide significant tremor suppression in patients with ET, but with significant inter-patient variability and habituation to the stimulation. Several non-invasive neuromodulation techniques targeting other parts of the central nervous system, including cerebellar, motor cortex, or peripheral nerves, have also been developed for treating ET, but the clinical outcomes remain inconsistent.

Stimulation-Evoked Resonant Neural Activity in the Subthalamic Nucleus Is Modulated by Sleep.

Background: Deep brain stimulation is a treatment for advanced Parkinson's disease and currently tuned to target motor symptoms during daytime. Parkinson's disease is associated with multiple nocturnal symptoms such as akinesia, insomnia, and sleep fragmentation, which may require adjustments of stimulation during sleep for best treatment outcome.

Objectives: There is a need for a robust biomarker to guide stimulation titration across sleep stages.

COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF OXALIC ACID DIAMIDE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE CONCENTRATION OF MALONIC DIALDEHYDE IN THE BRAIN AND LIVER TISSUES OF WHITE RATS.

Unlabelled: The wide range of chemical structures of antioxidants provides opportunities for individual selection of the most suitable compounds, taking into account the unique needs and characteristics of the body. Synthetic antioxidants can be specially designed with certain characteristics, which helps to create more effective and stable compounds. The aim of this work was to conduct a series of studies to identify the antioxidant activity of newly synthesized compounds of a number of oxalic acid diamides based on 3,4-dimethoxyphenylcyclopentylamine N1 ((1-3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl)-N2-(2-methoxyphenyl)oxalamide on the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the brain and liver tissues of white rats (in vivo, in vitro), as well as to determine their potential pharmacological properties that correspond to Lipinsky's "Rule of Five" (in silico).

[Cellular engineering in periodontology].

An overview of various cell engineering techniques being developed for modern conservative and reconstructive periodontology is presented. The accelerated development of cellular engineering technologies poses to medicine and, in particular, periodontics, the task of early implementation of the results of such experiments into patient management protocols. The main groups of promising techniques that are closest to practical healthcare are: isolation and use of stem cells; synthesis of biologically active (inductive) signaling molecules; development of scaffolds that ensure three-dimensional tissue growth.

Cortical beta oscillations help synchronise muscles during static posture holding in healthy motor control.

How cortical oscillations are involved in the coordination of functionally coupled muscles and how this is modulated by different movement contexts (static vs dynamic) remains unclear. Here, this is investigated by recording high-density electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) from different forearm muscles while healthy participants (n = 20) performed movement tasks (static and dynamic posture holding, and reaching) with their dominant hand. When dynamic perturbation was applied, beta band (15-35 Hz) activities in the motor cortex contralateral to the performing hand reduced during the holding phase, comparative to when there was no perturbation.