Global warming and coastal protected areas: A study on phytoplankton abundance and sea surface temperature in different regions of the Brazilian South Atlantic Coastal Ocean.

In this study, we examined the relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) and phytoplankton abundance in coastal regions of the Brazilian South Atlantic: São Paulo, Paraná, and Santa Catarina, and the Protection Area of Southern right whales () in Santa Catarina (APA), a conservation zone established along 130 km of coastline. Using SST and chlorophyll- (Chl-) data from 2002 to 2023, we found significant differences in SST between the regions, with São Paulo having the highest SST, followed by Paraná and Santa Catarina. All locations showed a consistent increase in SST over the years, with North Santa Catarina, APA and São Paulo experiencing the lowest rate of increase.

Complex dynamics of coral gene expression responses to low pH across species.

Coral capacity to tolerate low pH affects coral community composition and, ultimately, reef ecosystem function. Low pH submarine discharges ('Ojo'; Yucatán, México) represent a natural laboratory to study plasticity and acclimatization to low pH in relation to ocean acidification. A previous >2-year coral transplant experiment to ambient and low pH common garden sites revealed differential survivorship across species and sites, providing a framework to compare mechanistic responses to differential pH exposures.

Downwind gas condensate volatiles affect phytoplankton communities.

We investigated the effects of volatile organic carbons (VOCs) evaporated from gas condensate on the cyanobacteria Synechococcus sp. WH8103, the diatom Asterionellopsis glacialis, and the dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum. We used custom algal incubation chambers enabling only the gas condensate-derived VOCs to interact with the cell cultures via an atmospheric bridge, without direct contact with the hydrocarbon oil.

A new method for phosphate purification for oxygen isotope ratio analysis in freshwater and soil extracts using solid-phase extraction with zirconium-loaded resin.

Rationale: Phosphate (PO ) oxygen isotope (δ O ) analysis is increasingly applied to elucidate phosphorus cycling. Due to its usefulness, analytical methods continue to be developed and improved to increase processing efficiency and applicability to various sample types. A new pretreatment procedure to obtain clean Ag PO using solid-phase extraction (SPE) with zirconium-loaded resin (ZrME), which can selectively adsorb PO , is presented and evaluated here.