Publications by authors named "A Pavia"
We used molecular testing to examine the causes of bloody diarrhea in a multicenter study of pediatric gastroenteritis. Pathogens typically associated with bloody diarrhea were detected in less than half of cases, and inappropriate antibiotic use was common, supporting the use of stool testing in patients with bloody diarrhea.
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- * A study analyzed 5,304 cases of moderate-to-severe diarrhea and identified 2,284 (43%) as severe dehydration using WHO guidelines, but one-third had no attributable pathogens.
- * The most common pathogens varied by age group, with rotavirus being prevalent in younger children, and the findings aim to enhance future prevention and treatment strategies for severe dehydration.
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- In March 2020, the White House Coronavirus Task Force identified the need for expert treatment guidelines for managing COVID-19 due to its life-threatening nature and lack of known effective treatments.
- The NIH was tasked with quickly assembling a panel of experts to create "living" guidelines, which would be regularly updated as new information about the virus emerged.
- The article reflects on the Panel's experiences over four years, summarizes its final recommendations, discusses ongoing challenges, and notes that the responsibility for COVID-19 guidelines will now shift to professional organizations following the end of the public health emergency.
Article Synopsis
- Viral bronchiolitis is a common illness in kids, and while treatment is mainly supportive, some may have serious bacterial infections (cSBIs) that require antibiotics; identifying these infections can be tricky.
- A study conducted at a children's hospital from 2012 to 2019 looked at children under 2 with bronchiolitis, finding that 4.2% had at least one cSBI, primarily bacterial pneumonia.
- Factors increasing the risk of cSBI included needing invasive mechanical ventilation, high C-reactive protein levels, having complex chronic conditions, and being admitted to the PICU.
Unlabelled: During COVID-19 in the US, social determinants of health (SDH) have driven health disparities. However, the use of SDH in COVID-19 vaccine modeling is unclear. This review aimed to summarize the current landscape of incorporating SDH into COVID-19 vaccine transmission modeling in the US.
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