Fetal malformations of cortical development: review and clinical guidance.

Malformations of cortical development (MCDs) are a heterogeneous family of congenital brain malformations that originate from disturbed development of the cerebral cortex. MCDs can arise from primary genetic disorders that lead to dysfunction of the molecular processes controlling neuronal proliferation, neuronal migration, cortical folding, or cortical organization. MCDs can also result from secondary, disruptive causes, such as congenital infection or other in utero brain injuries.

Stress-responsive transcription factor families are key components of the core abiotic stress response in maize.

Abiotic stresses, including drought, salt, heat, cold, flooding, and low nitrogen, have devastating impacts on agriculture and are increasing in frequency globally due to climate change. Plants can experience multiple abiotic stresses simultaneously or sequentially within a single growing season, and combinatorial stresses elicit shared or overlapping molecular and physiological responses. Here, we searched for core stress responsive genes in maize across diverse abiotic stressors through meta-analysis of public RNAseq data.

IL-17RA signaling provides dual tumor-suppressor function during late-stage colorectal carcinogenesis.

Expression of interleukin (IL)-17 family cytokines is associated with tumor-promoting inflammation. We found that low expression of IL17RA associated with worse prognosis in late-stage colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Deletion of Il17ra in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) in a murine model of CRC enhanced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via increased expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor and subsequent activation of the kinase Src.

Mycotoxigenic fungi, OTA and fumonisin B2 production by Aspergillus section Nigri isolated from wine grapes and natural occurrence of OTA in wines of Northern Argentinean Patagonia.

The Northern Argentinean Patagonia is the southernmost producing region of wine grapes and wine in Argentina. Their wines possess distinctive features due to the wide variety of red and white grapes and weather conditions, achieving great acceptance in local and international markets. The aims of the present study were to determine and characterize the mycobiota present in wine grapes from Northern Patagonia, to analyse the ability of the isolates to produce mycotoxins, and to determine the natural occurrence of OTA and monitoring its presence in wine over time.

Fetal Callosal Anomalies: A Narrative Review and Practical Recommendations for Pediatric Neurologists.

Agenesis of the corpus callosum is a common indication for fetal neurology consultation, increasingly identified through advances in fetal sonography and fetal magnetic resonance imaging. Despite improvements in diagnostic accuracy, prognostic counseling is challenging due to highly variable neurodevelopmental outcomes. Several factors contribute to neurodevelopmental outcome variability, including associated anomalies and etiologic considerations such as genetic, acquired, and environmental factors.