Punctate Inner Choroidopathy (PIC)-like Reaction in Stage 3 Extensive Macular Atrophy with Pseudodrusen-like Appearance (EMAP).

Purpose: To describe a rare complication in a patient with extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen-like appearance (EMAP), suggesting immune dysregulation in advanced stages of the disease.

Methods: Case Report. Multimodal imaging -including true-color fundus photography, blue autofluorescence, high-resolution optical coherence tomography (Hi-Res OCT), swept-source OCT angiography, and dye-based angiography- was used to evaluate retinal alterations.

Extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen-like appearance (EMAP) clinical characteristics, diagnostic criteria, and insights from allied inherited retinal diseases and age-related macular degeneration.

Extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen-like appearance (EMAP) was first described in France in 2009 as a symmetric and rapidly progressive form of macular atrophy primarily affecting middle-aged individuals. Despite the recent identification of a significant number of cases in Italy and worldwide, EMAP remains an underrecognized condition. The clinical triad typical of EMAP consists of vertically oriented macular atrophy with multilobular borders, pseudodrusen-like deposits across the posterior pole and mid-periphery, and peripheral pavingstone degeneration.

The dual-specificity kinase DYRK1A interacts with the Hepatitis B virus genome and regulates the production of viral RNA.

The genome of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) persists in infected hepatocytes as a nuclear episome (cccDNA) that is responsible for the transcription of viral genes and viral rebound, following antiviral treatment arrest in chronically infected patients. There is currently no clinically approved therapeutic strategy able to efficiently target cccDNA (Lucifora J 2016). The development of alternative strategies aiming at permanently abrogating HBV RNA production requires a thorough understanding of cccDNA transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation.

Planarian Mucus: A Novel Source of Pleiotropic Cytotoxic and Cytostatic Agents against Cancer Cells.

Biological evolution has generated a vast array of natural compounds produced by organisms across all domains. Among these, secondary metabolites, selected to enhance an organism's competitiveness in its natural environment, make them a reservoir for discovering new compounds with cytotoxic activity, potentially useful as novel anticancer agents. Slime secretions, the first barrier between epithelial surfaces and the surrounding environment, frequently contain cytotoxic molecules to limit the growth of parasitic organisms.