Publications by authors named "A P Rowland"
Background: Tumour mutational burden (TMB) is an established biomarker for patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The optimal TMB cut-off is uncertain. It is also uncertain whether there is a sharp TMB threshold or a more graduated change in clinical outcomes as TMB increases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe molecular mechanisms underpinning the formation of the large, ellipsoidal starch granules of potato tuber are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate the distinct effects of PROTEIN TARGETING TO STARCH2b (PTST2b) and MYOSIN RESEMBLING CHLOROPLAST PROTEIN (MRC) on tuber starch granule morphology. A gene duplication event in the Solanaceae resulted in two PTST2 paralogs (PTST2a and PTST2b).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntravenous midazolam is frequently used for procedural sedation. Use of ritonavir containing antivirals in patients requiring procedural sedation with intravenous midazolam is postulated to increase the risk or prolong the consequences of exposure related adverse events. The primary objective of this study was to characterize interaction of ritonavir with IV midazolam.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - The study examined the individual participant data-sharing eligibility of clinical trials for the top 30 highest-revenue drugs approved by the FDA in 2021, finding that 64% of the 316 trials were eligible for sharing.
- - Methods involved analyzing data from various sources and assessing key factors like trial phase and completion dates to determine the trials' data-sharing status.
- - Results indicated higher eligibility rates for trials managed through independent data-sharing platforms and emphasized that trials not marked as completed had notably lower eligibility for data sharing.
Importance: With the growing use of large language models (LLMs) in education and health care settings, it is important to ensure that the information they generate is diverse and equitable, to avoid reinforcing or creating stereotypes that may influence the aspirations of upcoming generations.
Objective: To evaluate the gender representation of LLM-generated stories involving medical doctors, surgeons, and nurses and to investigate the association of varying personality and professional seniority descriptors with the gender proportions for these professions.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This is a cross-sectional simulation study of publicly accessible LLMs, accessed from December 2023 to January 2024.