Association between antimicrobial usage in livestock and antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from human urinary tract infections in the Netherlands, 2009-2020.

Background: In the last decade, veterinary antimicrobial usage (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among indicator bacteria in livestock have decreased substantially in the Netherlands. The extent to which this decrease has affected AMR levels among human infections remains unclear.

Objectives: To assess the association between AMU in livestock and AMR in Escherichia coli isolates from human urinary tract infections (UTIs).

In vivo interaction screening reveals liver-derived constraints to metastasis.

It is estimated that only 0.02% of disseminated tumour cells are able to seed overt metastases. While this suggests the presence of environmental constraints to metastatic seeding, the landscape of host factors controlling this process remains largely unclear.

Temporal association of antimicrobial use in livestock with antimicrobial resistance in non-typhoid human infections in the Netherlands, 2008-2019.

Background: Antimicrobial use (AMU) in livestock contributes to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among zoonotic pathogens, such as non-typhoid (NTS). Since 2009, the Netherlands has made substantial efforts to reduce AMU in livestock.

Objectives: To assess the association between AMU in livestock and AMR in NTS human isolates.

Human carriage of ESBL/pAmpC-producing and in relation to the consumption of raw or undercooked vegetables, fruits, and fresh herbs.

We investigated to what extent the consumption of raw or undercooked vegetables, fruits, and fresh herbs influences carriage rates of ESBL/pAmpC-producing and (ESBL-E/K) in the general population. We assessed long-term carriage and changes in ESBL-E/K prevalence over time, by comparing the results to findings in the same population 5 years earlier. Between July and December 2021, participants sent in two fecal samples and questionnaires, 3 months apart.