Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), are composed of highly phosphorylated forms of the microtubule-associated protein tau. Phosphorylation results from the activity of several threonine/serine kinases, and increased expression of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). These are involved in the formation of paired helical filament (PHF)-tau, which induces the formation of NFTs.

Physician Assistants in Clinical Endocrinology: Characteristics and Demographics.

Objective: Physician assistants (PAs) are employed in endocrinology, but little is known about their roles and activities. The study aimed to assess PAs' employment characteristics in endocrinology compared to those in all other specialties.

Methods: This descriptive observational study used the 2022 National Commission on Certification of PAs (NCCPA) dataset.

Physician assistant/associate career flexibility: factors associated with specialty transitions.

Background: Physician assistants/associates (PAs), due to their broad medical education and certification, have the flexibility to change specialties throughout their careers. Prior studies suggest that between half and three-quarters exercise this option at some point in their career, and a third do so within the first decade. However, more research is needed to understand the factors associated with PAs changing vs.

The effect of education debt on PAs' specialty choice or preference.

Objective: This study investigated educational debt, repayment strategies, and other factors potentially related to recently certified physician associates/assistants' (PAs') choice or preference for primary care versus all other specialties.

Methods: A national dataset from 2023 of recently certified PAs was used to conduct quantitative and qualitative analyses. Analyses were conducted separately for PAs who had accepted a clinical position and those who had not accepted a clinical position.