Prevalence, Etiology and Outcomes of Native Pulmonary Regurgitation in the General Adult Population.

Aims: Pulmonary regurgitation (PR) after reparative intervention for congenital heart disease has been studied extensively. However, the burden, distribution of causes, and outcome of PR in adults is unknown. The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, types, and outcomes of moderate/severe PR in adults in the community setting.

Anatomic Approach to Fetal Hydrocephalus.

Hydrocephalus is an imprecise term and refers to the imbalance of brain parenchyma and cerebral spinal fluid in the cranial vault. Ventriculomegaly, or enlargement of the ventricular system, is often the more precise term and is therefore preferred. Appropriate imaging and measurement techniques are critical to detect ventriculomegaly and grade its severity.

Risk stratification and diagnostic evaluation of patients found to have microscopic hematuria by their primary care providers.

Background: Our goal was to identify, and risk stratify primary care patients with microscopic hematuria (MH), describe the diagnostic evaluations they received, and determine whether the evaluations were consistent with the recommendations of the 2020 AUA/SUFU microscopic hematuria guidelines.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients presenting to primary care clinics with a diagnosis of MH was performed. The patient risk category was determined based on the 2020 AUA/SUFU guidelines.

Evaluating medical learners' experiences with health literacy at a southeastern medical school.

Background: Health literacy (HL) is crucial for making informed health decisions. Over one-third of US adults have limited HL, leading to adverse health outcomes. Despite its importance, HL education lacks standardization in medical training.

Dynamics of neural activity in early nervous system evolution.

New techniques for largescale neural recordings from diverse animals are reshaping comparative systems neuroscience. This growth necessitates fresh conceptual paradigms for comparing neural circuits and activity patterns. Here, we take a systems neuroscience approach to early neural evolution, emphasizing the importance of considering nervous systems as multiply modulated, continuous dynamical systems.