Individuals with Heterogenous Trabecular Bone Texture by Clinical MRI have Lower Bone Strength and Stiffness by QCT Based Finite Element Analysis.

Opportunistic screening is essential to improve the identification of individuals with osteoporosis. Our group has utilized image texture features to assess bone quality using clinical MRIs. We have previously demonstrated that greater heterogeneity of MRI texture related to history of fragility fractures, lower bone density, and worse microarchitecture.

Burden of neurologic diseases in BRICS countries (1990 to 2021): an analysis of 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study.

Background: Neurological disorders are a major global health concern, especially in BRICS nations (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa), where demographic and socio-economic changes have amplified their impact. This study evaluates trends in incidence, prevalence, mortality, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) associated with neurological diseases in these countries from 1990 to 2021, focusing on sex disparities and key risk factors.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database.

Enhancing soil arsenic immobilization with organic and inorganic amendments: insights from sorption-desorption study.

The retention and mobility of arsenic (As) in soil depend on various physical and chemical factors. The knowledge of the sorption-desorption chemistry of As in soil is necessary for predicting the fate and behavior of As in soil environments. Therefore, this study assessed different organic (sugarcane bagasse and vermicompost) and inorganic amendments (steel slag and fly ash) for their impact on sorption-desorption of As in texturally different contaminated soils (of sandy clay (SC) and sandy clay loam (SCL) texture) to understand the effect of amendments on As retention and mobility.

A randomized phase 2 study of efmarodocokin alfa, an IL-22 agonist, versus vedolizumab in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Background And Aims: Efmarodocokin alfa is an interleukin (IL)-22 agonist, with favorable pharmacokinetic (PK) properties and an acceptable safety profile. This study further explored the therapeutic potential of efmarodocokin alfa compared to vedolizumab in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: This randomized phase 2 trial evaluated the efficacy, safety, PK, and pharmacodynamics of 3 doses of efmarodocokin alfa administered intravenously every 4 weeks (30 μg/kg [n=43], 60 μg/kg [n=44], and 90 μg/kg [n=43]) compared with placebo (n=22) and with vedolizumab (n=43) in the treatment of moderate to severe UC.

Effect of oral caroverine in the treatment of tinnitus: A quasi-experimental study.

Objective: Caroverine is an antagonist of non-NMDA and NMDA glutamate receptors. Cochlear synaptic tinnitus arises from a synaptic disturbance of NMDA or non-NMDA receptors on the afferent dendrites of spiral ganglion neurons. This forms a basis for the use of caroverine in the treatment of tinnitus.