Population pharmacokinetic and exposure-response analysis to support a dosing regimen of CPX-351 (NS-87) in Japanese adult and pediatric patients with untreated high-risk acute myeloid leukemia.

CPX-351 (NS-87; Vyxeos®) has a characteristic liposomal formulation and contains cytarabine and daunorubicin at a 5:1 molar ratio, which demonstrates synergistic activity in both in vitro and in vivo animal models. It has been approved in several countries for the treatment of newly diagnosed, therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) or AML with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC). Since there are very few Asian patients, especially Japanese adult and pediatric patients, only a small clinical study has been conducted in Japanese adult patients and no study in Japanese pediatric patients.

Reappraisal of carcinoma in situ residue at the bile duct margin: a single-center review of 681 patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: A histologically involved surgical margin (R1) is often observed after resection for cholangiocarcinoma. Compared with a negative margin (R0), R1 with invasive carcinoma (R1inv) markedly worsens survival, whereas the prognostic effect of R1 with carcinoma in situ (R1cis) remains controversial.

Methods: Patients who underwent resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma between 2002 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed.

Combined quantitative analysis of the nigro-striata system in multiple system atrophy and Parkinson's disease.

Degeneration of the nigrostriatal system occurs in multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson's disease (PD) via distinct pathological mechanisms. Here, we investigated nigrostriatal degeneration in MSA and PD by combining a newly developed method for evaluating the regional accumulation of dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography (DAT SPECT) and individual voxel-based morphometry adjusting covariates (iVAC). We recruited 17 MSA patients and 13 PD patients, and compared their clinical and imaging indices.