The development and validity of the Early Learning Tool for children 0-3-year-old in rural Pakistan.

Background: Research has demonstrated the critical role that early learning experiences play in shaping children's cognitive, social, and emotional development. Nevertheless, tools for assessing children's exposure to early learning experiences remain scarce. This paper describes the initial validation of the Early Learning (EL) tool, which captures the levels of stimulation with playthings and people available to children 0-3-year-old in low-resource, international settings.

The Feasibility and Acceptability of a Clinical Pharmacist-delivered Intervention to Reduce Bothersome Health Symptoms from Polypharmacy and Alcohol Use and Communicate Risk among People with HIV: Pilot Study Protocol.

Among persons with HIV (PWH), unhealthy alcohol use and polypharmacy contribute to bothersome symptoms (e.g., fatigue, dizziness, memory loss).

Effects of multi-component parenting and parental mental health interventions on early childhood development and parent outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Interventions supporting parents of young children often target parenting or parental mental health separately. Multi-component parenting and parental mental health interventions have the potential to improve parenting practices, mental health, and early childhood development. We aimed to examine their impact on child and parent outcomes.

House dust mite immunotherapy: A real-world, prescription data-based analysis.

Background: House dust mite (HDM) sensitisation can contribute to the development of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (AR) or allergic asthma (AA). As treatment, allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a promising approach, since it aims building immunotolerance against allergens, therewith establishing long-term efficacy. The evaluation of AIT has been investigated in many randomised controlled trials, whereas few real-world evidence studies are available.

Oxidative and Extractive Desulfurization of Fuel Oils Catalyzed by -Carboxymethyl Pyridinium Acetate and -Carboxyethyl Pyridinium Acetate Acidic Ionic Liquids: Experimental and Computational DFT Study.

This study reports on the synthesis, characterization, and application of two acidic ionic liquids, namely, -carboxymethylpyridinium acetate ([HOCCHPy][CHCO] or ) and -carboxyethylpyridinium acetate ([HOC(CH)Py][CHCO] or ), as both extractants and catalysts for the oxidative and extractive desulfurization (OEDS) of model fuel oils containing heteroaromatic sulfur compounds. The structural properties of the synthesized acidic ionic liquids (ILs) were confirmed by H NMR, C NMR, and FT-IR spectroscopic analysis. To optimize the performance of the acidic AILs in the desulfurization process, the effects of different parameters, such as HO dosage, reaction time, and temperatures, were investigated.