Recommendations on recording harms in randomised controlled trials of behaviour change interventions.

Harms are possible from behaviour change interventions, such as the worsening of a health behaviour intended for change (rebound effect), improving a health behaviour but with subsequent worsening of another behaviour (risk compensation), and participants feeling targeted or stigmatised by an intervention. The processes and definitions originally designed to record harms within drug trials are typically followed to record harms in trials of behaviour change interventions owing to the lack of alternative guidance. Therefore, important harms could be missed in the evaluations of behaviour change interventions or irrelevant harms data may be recorded, leading to inefficiency.

Inequalities in access to and outcomes of cardiac surgery in England: retrospective analysis of Hospital Episode Statistics (2010-2019).

Background: We aimed to characterise the variation in access to and outcomes of cardiac surgery for people in England.

Methods: We included people >18 years of age with hospital admission for ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and heart valve disease (HVD) between 2010 and 2019. Within these populations, we identified people who had coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and/or valve surgery, respectively.

Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a sustainable obesity prevention programme for preschool children delivered at scale 'HENRY' (Health, Exercise, Nutrition for the Really Young): protocol for the HENRY III cluster randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: One-fifth of children start school already overweight or living with obesity, with rates disproportionately impacting those living in the most deprived areas. Social, environmental and biological factors contribute to excess weight gain and programmes delivered in early years settings aim to support families to navigate these in order to prevent obesity. One of these programmes (Health, Exercise and Nutrition for the Really Young, HENRY) has been delivered in UK community venues (hereon named 'centres') in high deprivation areas since 2008 and aims to help families to provide a healthy start for their preschool children.

A RCT to explore the effectiveness of supporting adherence to nebuliser medication in adults with cystic fibrosis: fidelity assessment of study interventions.

Background: A multi-component self-management intervention 'CFHealthHub' was developed to reduce pulmonary exacerbations in adults with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) by supporting adherence to nebuliser medication. It was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving 19 CF centres, with 32 interventionists, 305 participants in the intervention group, and 303 participants in the standard care arm. Ensuring treatment fidelity of intervention delivery was crucial to ensure that the intervention produced the expected outcomes.

Supporting people with Motor Neuron Disease (MND) to make decisions about gastrostomy feeding tube placement: a survey of UK healthcare professionals' practice and beliefs.

Objective: Understand the practice and beliefs of healthcare professionals (HCPs) supporting the decision-making of people with MND (pwMND) about gastrostomy placement, including identifying differences between professions.

Methods: An online cross-sectional survey disseminated to HCPs who support the decision-making of pwMND about gastrostomy placement.

Results: A total of 139 participants completed the survey including representation from a range of healthcare professions.