Apparatus for loss measurements under multidirectional and dc-bias flux in electrical steel laminations.

Conventional standardized power loss measurements for electric steels are performed at flux densities with a single sinusoidal and unidirectional excitation. However, the flux inside electrical steel laminations can deviate significantly from the standard condition, and the loss is sensitive to such deviations of the flux in time and space. In this article, we describe the design and construction of an apparatus for loss measurements under two scenarios: (1) The main flux in the rolling direction is superimposed with flux in either the transverse or normal direction, while varying magnitude and phase angle between two fluxes and (2) the main flux having a dc-bias.