Impaired Cognitive Function and Hippocampal Changes Following Chronic Diazepam Treatment in Middle-Aged Mice.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptors are positively allosterically modulated by benzodiazepine binding, leading to a potentiated response to GABA. Diazepam (DZP, a benzodiazepine) is widely prescribed for anxiety, epileptic discharge, and insomnia, and is also used as a muscle relaxant and anti-convulsant. However, some adverse effects - such as tolerance, dependence, withdrawal effects, and impairments in cognition and learning - are elicited by the long-term use of DZP.

[Dexmedetomidine for endoscopic submucosal dissection in a patient with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

Here we report an anesthetic management of a 74-year-old man with gastric cancer and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). We maintained spontaneous breathing during ESD under monitored anesthesia care with dexmedetomidine (DEX). ESD lasted 5.

[New lung isolation device, Fuggiano's bronchial blocker, facilitates lung isolation more effectively].

Background: One-lung ventilation and lung isolation are frequently required in thoracic surgery. In clinical practice, lung isolation is achieved by use of a double-lumen endotracheal tube and a bronchial blocker. A novel bagel shaped bronchial blocker, the Fuggiano's bronchial blocker, has been designed to prevent displacement of the blocker from its position in the bronchus.

[Tube introducer catheter as an adjunct to the airway scope for tracheal intubation in a manikin model].

Background: The Airway Scope (AWS) is a video laryngoscope and there are some problems associated with its use in insertion of the tracheal tube despite its ability to view the glottis. For the purpose of improving the problems, we devised the tube introducer catheter (TIC) for use with AWS.

Methods: Using the normal and fixed bent orotracheal tubes, wire-reinforced endotracheal tube, PORTEX and Phycon double lumen tubes, and Univent tube, TIC was attached to one of these tubes with AWS.

[Acute pulmonary edema in adult caused by tonsillar hypertrophy following removal of laryngeal mask airway].

Negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) has been described after acute airway obstruction. In the following case, we observed a rare occurrence of pulmonary edema caused by chronic tonsillar hypertrophy in a woman following removal of laryngeal mask airway (LMA). A 38-year-old woman with breast cancer underwent mastectomy under general anesthesia using the LMA.