Activation of transcription factor CREB in human macrophages by Mycobacterium tuberculosis promotes bacterial survival, reduces NF-kB nuclear transit and limits phagolysosome fusion by reduced necroptotic signaling.

Macrophages are a first line of defense against pathogens. However, certain invading microbes modify macrophage responses to promote their own survival and growth. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.

Immunoregulation via Cell Density and Quorum Sensing-like Mechanisms: An Underexplored Emerging Field with Potential Translational Implications.

Quorum sensing (QS) was historically described as a mechanism by which bacteria detect and optimize their population density via gene regulation based on dynamic environmental cues. Recently, it was proposed that QS or similar mechanisms may have broader applications across different species and cell types. Indeed, emerging evidence shows that the mammalian immune system can also elicit coordinated responses on a population level to regulate cell density and function, thus suggesting that QS-like mechanisms may also be a beneficial trait of the immune system.

[Evaluation of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules].

Purpose of the paper: Specify the merits of ultrasonography in thyroid pathology. Outline ultrasonographic orienting criteria to identify the nature of thyroid nodules. Analysis of the paper: Thyroid ultrasonography allows detecting nodules that cannot be detected clinically or with radionuclide scanning.

[Bone scintigraphy: diagnostic value and indications (author's transl)].

Bone scintigraphy is of considerable help in the diagnosis and follow-up of osteo-articular diseases. It also makes it possible to globally assess skeletal damage in cases with multiple bone lesions and to detect bone complications of diseases and therapies. To these advantages must now be added its contribution to the aetiological diagnosis of some arthropathies with subradiological lesions.

[Importance of bone scanning with Tc 99m in the supervision of hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure (author's transl)].

Bone uptake of 99 m Tc diphosphonate may allow early diagnosis of renal osteodystrophy. Our study deals with 53 patients treated by repeated hemodialysis and reveals scanning abnormalities in 75% of them. Bone scanning provides information which are not visualized radiologically, especially scattered or located pulmonary calcifications (15% in our series).