Chlorination of quorum sensing molecules: Kinetics and transformation pathways.

The impact of chlorination on quorum sensing molecules (QSMs) is not often addressed in disinfection research. Yet pathogenicity and biofilm formation are controlled by quorum sensing (QS) in many bacteria. Chemical transformation of the compounds could have an impact on all of these processes.

Release and quantification of organic and inorganic contaminants from geotextile materials in dynamic surface leaching test.

Geotextiles are frequently used in waterway construction, for instance as filtration or separation layers of river banks and canals. A variety of additives are added to improve their lifespan during application and avivage agents are applied to optimize the manufacturing process. Two nonwoven needle-punched geotextiles were leached with deionized water, groundwater and river water via the dynamic surface leaching test.

Clinical Decision Support to Increase Emergency Department Naloxone Coprescribing: Implementation Report.

Background: Coprescribing naloxone with opioid analgesics is a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) best practice to mitigate the risk of fatal opioid overdose, yet coprescription by emergency medicine clinicians is rare, occurring less than 5% of the time it is indicated. Clinical decision support (CDS) has been associated with increased naloxone prescribing; however, key CDS design characteristics and pragmatic outcome measures necessary to understand replicability and effectiveness have not been reported.

Objective: This study aimed to rigorously evaluate and quantify the impact of CDS designed to improve emergency department (ED) naloxone coprescribing.

The first-night effect of sleep occurs over nonconsecutive nights in unfamiliar and familiar environments.

The first night in an unfamiliar environment is marked by reduced sleep quality and changes in sleep architecture. This so-called first-night effect (FNE) is well established for two consecutive nights and lays the foundation for including an adaptation night in sleep research to counteract FNEs. However, adaptation nights rarely happen immediately before experimental nights, which raises the question of how sleep adapts over nonconsecutive nights.