[Atrial septal aneurysm: Evolution of diagnostic and clinical judgements].

The article discusses anatomical and clinical judgements on atrial septal aneurysm (ASA) as a primary cardiac structural abnormality. It presents current approaches to the classification of ASA and its echocardiographic diagnosis. Special attention is focused on the clinical significance of ASA as an isolated anomaly and concurrent with other structural abnormalities of the heart, especially from the standpoint of a risk of cardioembolic stroke.

Evolution of sexual dimorphism and Rensch's rule in the beetle genus (Hydraenidae): is sexual selection opportunistic?

Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is widespread among animals, with larger females usually attributed to an optimization of resources in reproduction and larger males to sexual selection. A general pattern in the evolution of SSD is Rensch's rule, which states that SSD increases with body size in species with larger males but decreases when females are larger. We studied the evolution of SSD in the genus (Coleoptera, Hydraenidae), measuring SSD and male genital size and complexity of ca.

The macroevolution of size and complexity in insect male genitalia.

The evolution of insect male genitalia has received much attention, but there is still a lack of data on the macroevolutionary origin of its extraordinary variation. We used a calibrated molecular phylogeny of 71 of the 150 known species of the beetle genus Limnebius to study the evolution of the size and complexity of the male genitalia in its two subgenera, Bilimneus, with small species with simple genitalia, and Limnebius s.str.

[ROLE OF TGFβ-INDUCTION AND GASTROINTESTINAL MYOFIBROBLASTS IN PATHOMORPHOGENESIS OF CHRONIC GASTRITIS IN PATIENTS WITH MARFAN SYNDROME AND MARFAN-LIKE STATES].

Aim: The aim was to explore the features of epithelial morphogenesis and reparation of gastric mucosa in chronic gastritis in patients with Marfan syndrome and Marfan -like states.

Materials And Methods: A histological evaluation and immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of antibodies against α-actin smooth muscle (α-SMA), collagen type III and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) in the gastric mucosa in 50 patients with hereditary disorders of connective tissue between the ages of 17 to 41 years were performed.

Results: In patients with Marfan syndrome and marfan-like states chronic gastritis was an unfavorable factor for the progression of the background atrophic and fibrotic processes in the gastric mucosa.