Cold Resistance of An Ant Camponotus herculeanus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Various Climates in North-East Asia.

Unlabelled: 　　BACKGROUND: The relationship between cold resistance of widespread invertebrate species and overwintering temperatures has not been studied; however, this knowledge could have high prognostic value.

Objective: Using an ant species Camponotus herculeanus to investigate whether there is a relationship between cold resistance and overwintering temperatures in two climatically distinct regions (coastal and continental).

Materials And Methods: We determined seasonal changes in SCP and LТ for overwintering ant stages, as well as winter temperatures in the nests.

[Genetic structure of populations of Schrenck newt (Salamandrella schrenckii) based on mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b variability data].

Data on variability of nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome b gene of Schrenck newt, Salamandrella schrenckii (Strauch, 1870), from populations of Primorie and Khabarovsk regions have been received. By means of phylogenetic analysis, two clusters of haplotypes--'southern' cluster 1 and 'northern' cluster 2, with divegence level between them estimated as 3%-- were revealed. Results of analysis of mtDNA and cytochrome b amino acid variation allow us to assume that development of a modern area of Schrenck newt occurred from the south on the north of Primorie region.