A multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking approach for DNA/protein binding study and cell viability assay of first-time reported pendent azide bearing Cu(II)-quercetin and dicyanamide bearing Zn(II)-quercetin complexes.

In the current study, one new quercetin-based Zn(II) complex [Zn(Qr)(CNNCN)(HO)] (Complex ) which is developed by condensation of quercetin with ZnCl in the presence of NaN(CN) and Cu(II) complex [Cu(Qr)N(CHOH)(HO)] (complex ) which is developed by the condensation reaction of quercetin and CuCl in presence of NaN are thoroughly examined in relation to their use in biomedicine. The results of several spectroscopic studied confirm the structure of both the complexes and the Density Functional Theory (DFT) study helps to optimize the structure of complex 1 and 2. After completion of the identification process, DNA and Human Serum Albumin (HSA) binding efficacy of both the investigated complexes are performed by implementing a long range of biophysical studies and a thorough analysis of the results unveils that complex has better interaction efficacy with the macromolecules than complex .

Factors associated with carotid intima media thickness in South African children with chronic kidney disease .

Background: Increased carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) is one of the early changes seen in chronic kidney disease (CKD) associated cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to determine cIMT measurements and its association with cardiovascular risk factors, including fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) and fetuin-A, in South African children with CKD.

Materials And Methods: 72 children (5 - 18 years) with CKD; 20 with CKD I, 23 with CKD II - IV, 29 with CKD V (on dialysis) were recruited.

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in South African children.

Background: Different histo-pathological types and treatment response patterns of Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) have been associated with differences in ethnicity and geographical location.

Objective: To provide an update on the steroid response and renal histo-pathological pattern in children treated for INS.

Method: Medical records of children with INS treated at the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital were reviewed.

The Financial Cost Incurred by Families of Children on Long-Term Dialysis.

Background: Costs of dialysis reported in countries where dialysis is government-funded are often those incurred by the state, and only a few take into account the financial burden to the family of the index patient. This study investigated the financial cost implication to families of pediatric patients on maintenance dialysis and how aid provided by the government alleviates their financial burden.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study recruited 24 children on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD), and a structured questionnaire was administered to the parents/caregivers of these patients to obtain information on their family size, total family income, cost of transportation, employment status of attending caregiver, and number of work days missed due to hospital visits.