Targeting the Brain Leptin-Melanocortin Pathway to Treat Heart Failure.

Purpose Of The Review: The role of leptin in regulating cardiac function is still controversial with conflicting results in clinical and preclinical studies. However, most previous studies have not considered leptin's powerful cardiac effects that are mediated via activation of central nervous system (CNS) leptin receptors (LepRs) which, in turn, elicit major improvements in cardiac metabolism. In this review, we focus mainly on the role of leptin in regulating cardiac function via its CNS LepRs and downstream signaling pathways, such as the brain melanocortin system.

Calcium and magnesium abnormalities in puppies with parvoviral enteritis.

Objective: To determine the association between ionized calcium (iCa) and/or total magnesium (tMg) and the development of sepsis and to investigate whether iCa or tMg is associated with mortality in puppies with canine parvoviral enteritis (CPE).

Methods: 64 client-owned puppies with CPE were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Serum iCa and tMg were measured daily from admission until death or discharge.

Haplotype-resolved genome and population genomics of the threatened garden dormouse in Europe.

Genomic resources are important for evaluating genetic diversity and supporting conservation efforts. The garden dormouse () is a small rodent that has experienced one of the most severe modern population declines in Europe. We present a high-quality haplotype-resolved reference genome for the garden dormouse, and combine comprehensive short and long-read transcriptomics data sets with homology-based methods to generate a highly complete gene annotation.

Sestrin2 Attenuates Myocardial Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Cardiac Dysfunction During Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.

Background: Sesn2 (Sestrin2) is a stress-induced protein that provides protective effects during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury, while endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress may be a pivotal mediator of I/R injury. The goal of this study was to determine whether Sesn2-mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling regulates ER stress during myocardial I/R.

Methods And Results: In vivo cardiac I/R was induced by ligation and subsequent release of the left anterior descending coronary artery in wild-type (WT) and cardiac-specific Sesn2 knockout (Sesn2) mice.

and pharmacological evaluation of GPR65 as a cancer immunotherapy target regulating T-cell functions.

The success of cancer immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, CAR T-cells and immune cell engagers have provided clinicians with tools to bypass some of the limitations of cancer immunity. However, numerous tumour factors curtail the immune response against cancer and limit the efficiency of immuno-oncology (IO) therapies. Acidification of the extra-cellular tumour environment consecutive to aberrant cancer cell metabolism is a well-known promoter of oncogenic processes that also acts as an immune regulator.