Public Health.

Background: Poor cardiovascular health in midlife increases risk of dementia in later years. At least some of this risk may stem from early decrements in cognitive ability in those with poor cardiovascular health that are already evident by midlife. Whether such associations are causal, however, or develop in tandem due to shared factors encountered earlier in life, remains unclear.

Public Health.

Background: Associations of common infections with Alzheimer's disease have been reported, but potential mechanisms underlying these relationships are unclear. A hypothesised mechanism is amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation as a defense mechanism in response to infection, with subsequent tau accumulation. However, no studies have assessed associations of infections with cerebral Aβ and tau pathology in vivo.

Relapsed childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoblastic lymphoma.

While outcomes for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) have improved dramatically in recent decades, relapsed and refractory disease remain a significant therapeutic challenge. This is particularly true for patients with T-cell ALL and LBL, where survival for patients with relapsed/refractory disease remains dismal. Recent efforts to comprehensively profile the genomics of T-ALL/LBL to improve understanding of disease biology have enhanced our ability to identify high-risk patients at diagnosis who are more likely to relapse and have also identified novel targets for precision medicines.

The magnitude of legal wildlife trade and implications for species survival.

The unsustainable use of wildlife is a primary driver of global biodiversity loss. No comprehensive global dataset exists on what species are in trade, their geographic origins, and trade's ultimate impacts, which limits our ability to sustainably manage trade. The United States is one of the world's largest importers of wildlife, with trade data compiled in the US Law Enforcement Management Information System (LEMIS).

Higher Aircraft Noise Exposure Is Linked to Worse Heart Structure and Function by Cardiovascular MRI.

Background: Aircraft noise is a growing concern for communities living near airports.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the impact of aircraft noise on heart structure and function.

Methods: Nighttime aircraft noise levels (L) and weighted 24-hour day-evening-night aircraft noise levels (L) were provided by the UK Civil Aviation Authority for 2011.