Increased liver echogenicity and liver enzymes are associated with extreme obesity, adolescent age and male gender: analysis from the German/Austrian/Swiss obesity registry APV.

Background: Childhood obesity is often associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disease in pediatrics.

Methods: This multi-center study analyzed liver echogenicity and liver enzymes in relation to obesity, age, gender and comorbidities. Data were collected using a standardized documentation software (APV) from 1.

Severe dilated cardiomyopathy as an unusual finding in a young infant with mucolipidosis type 2.

A neonate presented with mucopolysaccharidosis-like phenotypic expression and typical signs of dysostosis multiplex but without urinary excretion of glycosaminoglycans. Investigations of lysosomal enzymes in cultured fibroblasts revealed a mucolipidosis type 2, known as I-cell disease. We describe the fatal course of the patient due to complications of an uncommon dilated cardiomyopathy in this rare disease and discuss the pathogenesis.

Endocrine disruption of parr-smolt transformation and seawater tolerance of Atlantic salmon by 4-nonylphenol and 17beta-estradiol.

Sex steroids are known to interfere with the parr-smolt transformation of anadromous salmonids, and environmental estrogens such as nonylphenol have recently been implicated in reduced returns of Atlantic salmon in the wild. To determine the endocrine pathways by which estrogenic compounds affect smolt development and seawater tolerance, groups of juvenile Atlantic salmon were injected with one of five doses (0.5, 2, 10, 40 or 150 microg g(-1)) of branched 4-nonylphenol (NP), 2 microg g(-1) of 17beta-estradiol (E(2)), or vehicle, during the parr-smolt transformation in April, and the treatment was repeated 4, 8, and 11 days after the first injection.