Publications by authors named "A Milzani"
Article Synopsis
- - Cigarette smoke (CS) negatively impacts lung cancer progression and patient outcomes, with current research focusing on how it affects macrophage behavior in the lungs of smokers.
- - The study used murine macrophages and cigarette smoke extract (CSE) to show that CS promotes polarization of macrophages towards an M2 phenotype, which are known to be more resistant to the harmful effects of CS.
- - The results suggest that CS encourages a predominance of M2 macrophages in the lungs of smokers, creating an anti-inflammatory and potentially immunosuppressive environment that worsens lung cancer conditions.
The alveolar epithelium is covered by a non-cellular layer consisting of an aqueous hypophase topped by pulmonary surfactant, a lipo-protein mixture with surface-active properties. Exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) affects lung physiology and is linked to the development of several diseases. The macroscopic effects of CS are determined by several types of cell and molecular dysfunction, which, among other consequences, lead to surfactant alterations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlutathione (GSH) has special antioxidant properties due to its high intracellular concentration, ubiquity, and high reactivity towards electrophiles of the sulfhydryl group of its cysteine moiety. In most diseases where oxidative stress is thought to play a pathogenic role, GSH concentration is significantly reduced, making cells more susceptible to oxidative damage. Therefore, there is a growing interest in determining the best method(s) to increase cellular glutathione for both disease prevention and treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUrea is the uremic toxin accumulating with the highest concentration in the plasma of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, not being completely cleared by dialysis. Urea accumulation is reported to exert direct and indirect side effects on the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, adipocytes, and cardiovascular system (CVS), although its pathogenicity is still questioned since studies evaluating its side effects lack homogeneity. Here, we investigated the effects of physiological and pathological urea concentrations on a human endothelial cell line from the microcirculation (Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells-1, HMEC-1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndoxyl sulphate (IS) is a uremic toxin accumulating in the plasma of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. IS accumulation induces side effects in the kidneys, bones and cardiovascular system. Most studies assessed IS effects on cell lines by testing higher concentrations than those measured in CKD patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF