Evaluation of treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise testing and field measurement results in women's youth and adult national team water polo players.

The benefits of treadmill-based cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) are well known. However, water polo trainings involve completely different movements in a distinct environment. Our objective was to analyze data from elite youth and adult water polo players, gathered through CPET and age- and sport-specific swimming tests.

[Iatrogenic colorectal perforations--review of cases of the last twenty years].

The experiences with the surgical therapy of 31 patients treated for iatrogenic colorectal perforations during twenty years (1979-1998) are reviewed by the authors. The factors leading to perforation and applied types of operations compared with the therapeutical methods suggested by the literature are summarized. For the treatment of immediately detected instrumental perforations of the well cleaned colon the justification of the suture and primary resection is stressed.