Congenital primary aphakia.

Purpose: To describe the natural history, management, and visual outcome in children with congenital primary aphakia (CPA).

Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective consecutive case series from five academic centers in England and North America.

Results: A total of 27 eyes of 14 patients were included (male:female, 1.

Percutaneous ablation of renal tumors versus surgical ablation and partial nephrectomy: Medicare trends and reimbursement cost comparison from 2010 to 2018.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze trends in Medicare volume and reimbursement for percutaneous and surgical ablation as well as laparoscopic and open partial nephrectomy for treatment of small renal tumors from 2010 to 2018.

Methods: Claims from the Medicare Part B Physician/Supplier Procedure Summary from 2010 to 2018 were extracted using CPT codes for percutaneous and surgical renal ablation and surgical and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Facility reimbursement and relative value units (RVUs) were obtained using the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services physician fee schedule look-up tool.

Transcriptome from opaque cornea of Fanconi anemia patient uncovers fibrosis and two connected players.

Congenital corneal opacities (CCO) are a group of blinding corneal disorders, where the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Phenotyping through specialized imaging and histopathology analysis, together with assessment of key transcriptomic changes (including glycosaminoglycan metabolic enzymes) in cornea(s) with CCO from a case of Fanconi anemia is the approach taken in this study to identify causal mechanisms. Based on our findings, we propose a novel mechanism and two key players contributing to CCO.

The association between epiblepharon and obesity: an experience at tertiary care center in Western Pennsylvania/North America.

Purpose: Epiblepharon is a congenital eyelid anomaly that occurs most frequently in Asian children. Recent literature has identified an association between obesity and increased rates of epiblepharon among Asian children. The purpose of our study was to determine whether obesity was also associated with epiblepharon in a non-Asian population.