Reliable, rapid, and remote measurement of metacognitive bias.

Metacognitive biases have been repeatedly associated with transdiagnostic psychiatric dimensions of 'anxious-depression' and 'compulsivity and intrusive thought', cross-sectionally. To progress our understanding of the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms, new methods are required to measure metacognition remotely, within individuals over time. We developed a gamified smartphone task designed to measure visuo-perceptual metacognitive (confidence) bias and investigated its psychometric properties across two studies (N = 3410 unpaid citizen scientists, N = 52 paid participants).

The use of steroids and nebulised adrenaline in the treatment of viral croup over a seven year period at a district hospital.

The medical records of 787 patients admitted with a diagnosis of viral croup between January 1986 and December 1992 were examined. The study was prompted by an observed change in the pattern of admissions to the intensive care unit at a large district hospital during the late 1980s. Changes in the pattern of use of adrenaline and steroids were noted.

Efficacy of funnel-web spider antivenom in human envenomation by Hadronyche species.

We describe the envenomation of three patients by Hadronyche versuta, Hadronyche infensa and Hadronyche cerberea (which all are species of funnel-web spider) and the reversal of symptoms by funnel-web spider antivenom. The importance of continuing to administer antivenom until symptoms are reversed is emphasized; all three patients required further doses of antivenom to reverse the symptoms completely. None of the patients had received first aid.