Fracture strength of endodontically treated premolars restored with different post systems and metal-ceramic or monolithic zirconia crowns.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the fracture strength of endodontically treated human maxillary premolars (ETP) restored with posts and metal ceramic (MC) or monolithic zirconia (MZ) crowns. Sixty ETP were randomly divided into 3 groups. Teeth in control group (C) received a resin filling.

How to improve clinical practice on forced medication in psychiatric practice: Suggestions from the EUNOMIA European multicentre study.

Background: The decision to adopt forced medication in psychiatric care is particularly relevant from a clinical and ethical viewpoint. The European Commission has funded the EUNOMIA study in order to develop European recommendations for good clinical practice on coercive measures, including forced medication.

Methods: The recommendations on forced medication have been developed in 11 countries with the involvement of national clinical leaders, key-professionals and stakeholders' representatives.

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and essential oil on soil microbial community and N-related enzymes during the fungal early colonization phase.

The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and the essential oils are both agents of sustainable agriculture, and their independent effects on the community of free-living soil microbes have been explored. In a tomato pot experiment, conducted in a sandy loam mixture, we examined the independent and joint effects of inoculation with the fungus and the addition of essential oil on the structure of the soil microbial community and the activity of soil enzymes involved in the N-cycle, during the pre-symbiosis phase. Plants were grown for 60 days and were inoculated with Then pots were treated with essential oil (OIL) weekly for a period of a month.

Caregivers' appraisals of patients' involuntary hospital treatment: European multicentre study.

Background: Mental health policies emphasise that caregivers' views of involuntary psychiatric treatment should be taken into account. However, there is little evidence on how caregivers view such treatment.

Aims: To explore caregivers' satisfaction with the involuntary hospital treatment of patients and what factors are associated with caregivers' appraisals of treatment.

Patient characteristics and symptoms associated with perceived coercion during hospital treatment.

Objective: Large numbers of psychiatric patients either are involuntarily admitted to hospital treatment or feel coerced despite a legally voluntary admission. For ethical and clinical reasons, their perceived coercion should be reduced as far as possible. There is however limited evidence on patient characteristics associated with perceived coercion during hospital treatment.