Early-Stage Ice Detection Utilizing High-Order Ultrasonic Guided Waves.

Ice detection poses significant challenges in sectors such as renewable energy and aviation due to its adverse effects on aircraft performance and wind energy production. Ice buildup alters the surface characteristics of aircraft wings or wind turbine blades, inducing airflow separation and diminishing the aerodynamic properties of these structures. While various approaches have been proposed to address icing effects, including chemical solutions, pneumatic systems, and heating systems, these solutions are often costly and limited in scope.

New Generation Dielectrophoretic-Based Microfluidic Device for Multi-Type Cell Separation.

This study introduces a new generation of dielectrophoretic-based microfluidic device for the precise separation of multiple particle/cell types. The device features two sets of 3D electrodes, namely cylindrical and sidewall electrodes. The main channel of the device terminates with three outlets: one in the middle for particles that sense negative dielectrophoresis force and two others at the right and left sides for particles that sense positive dielectrophoresis force.

Antifreeze Proteins: A Tale of Evolution From Origin to Energy Applications.

Icing and formation of ice crystals is a major obstacle against applications ranging from energy systems to transportation and aviation. Icing not only introduces excess thermal resistance, but it also reduces the safety in operating systems. Many organisms living under harsh climate and subzero temperature conditions have developed extraordinary survival strategies to avoid or delay ice crystal formation.

Biphilic Surfaces with Optimum Hydrophobic Islands on a Superhydrophobic Background for Dropwise Flow Condensation.

Sustaining dropwise condensation is of great importance in many applications, especially in confined spaces. In this regard, superhydrophobic surfaces enhance condensation heat transfer performance due to the discrete droplet formation and rapid removal. On the other hand, droplets tend to nucleate easier and faster on hydrophobic surfaces compared to superhydrophobic ones.

Entropy Generation Analysis of Laminar Flows of Water-Based Nanofluids in Horizontal Minitubes under Constant Heat Flux Conditions.

During the last decade, second law analysis via entropy generation has become important in terms of entropy generation minimization (EGM), thermal engineering system design, irreversibility, and energy saving. In this study, heat transfer and entropy generation characteristics of flows of multi-walled carbon nanotube-based nanofluids were investigated in horizontal minitubes with outer and inner diameters of ~1067 and ~889 µm, respectively. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with outer diameter of 10-20 nm and length of 1-2 µm were used for nanofluid preparation, and water was considered as the base fluid.