Idiopathic Chylothorax During Pregnancy: A Case Report.

The diagnosis of chylothorax during pregnancy is rare and is generally triggered during labor. The study of pleural fluid and imaging studies can facilitate diagnosis, even though determining its etiology can be complicated. This case involves a young pregnant woman presenting with disabling dyspnea and chest pain due to pleural effusion.

A comparative study of immunotherapy as second-line treatment and beyond in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma.

Background: Immunotherapy has demonstrated an improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) as second-line treatment and subsequent lines compared with chemotherapy.

Materials & Methods: This was a retrospective review among eight medical centers comprising 100 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of non-small-cell lung carcinoma, in their second-line treatment or beyond with immune checkpoints inhibitors treatment. The current study aimed to analyze effectiveness of immunotherapy in second-line treatment or further in the Mexican population, using PFS rate, OS rate and the best objective response to treatment by RECIST 1.

Favorable Sustained Virologic Response Rates Using Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapies at a Large Safety-Net Hospital.

Background: Direct-acting antivirals (DAA) have revolutionized the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of DAA in a safety-net population.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study including patients who received at least one dose of DAA for chronic HCV infection.

Retrospective analysis of long-term outcome 10 years after liver transplantation for Wilson disease: experience over three decades.

We evaluated long-term outcomes for patients with Wilson disease (WD) after liver transplantation (LT) and searched for risk factors for poor survival. Retrospective analysis of UNOS/OPTN data identified 156 pediatric and 515 adult cases of LT for WD between 1987 and 2016. Comparison cases were 10 442 pediatric and 104 874 adult non-WD transplant recipients.

Anatomical description of anaesthetic spread after deep erector spinae block at L-4.

Introduction: Thoracic erector spinae plane (ESP) block is now used for postoperative analgesia. However, although reports of lumbar ESP have been published, the anesthetic spread and mechanism of action of this technique remains unclear. We describe the lumbar ESP block technique and evaluate the spread of 20ml of solution administered at the level of the transverse process of L4 in a cadaver model.