Two Carbohydrate-Based Natural Extracts Stimulate Pollen Germination and Pollen Tube Growth of Tomato Under Cold Temperatures.

To date, it is widely accepted by the scientific community that many agricultural regions will experience more extreme temperature fluctuations. These stresses will undoubtedly impact crop production, particularly fruit and seed yields. In fact, pollination is considered as one of the most temperature-sensitive phases of plant development and until now, except for the time-consuming and costly processes of genetic breeding, there is no immediate alternative to address this issue.

Identification of N-glycan oligomannoside isomers in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum.

Microalgae are emerging production systems for recombinant proteins like monoclonal antibodies. In this context, the characterization of the host cell N-glycosylation machinery and of the microalgae-made biopharmaceuticals, which are mainly glycoprotein-based products, requires efficient analytical methodologies dedicated to the profiling of the N-glycans. Herein, in order to gain knowledge regarding its N-glycosylation pathway, we profile the protein N-linked oligosaccharides isolated from the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum that has been used successfully to produce functional monoclonal antibodies.

Evolution of Cell Wall Polymers in Tip-Growing Land Plant Gametophytes: Composition, Distribution, Functional Aspects and Their Remodeling.

During evolution of land plants, the first colonizing species presented leafy-dominant gametophytes, found in non-vascular plants (bryophytes). Today, bryophytes include liverworts, mosses, and hornworts. In the first seedless vascular plants (lycophytes), the sporophytic stage of life started to be predominant.

User-friendly extraction and multistage tandem mass spectrometry based analysis of lipid-linked oligosaccharides in microalgae.

Background: Protein -glycosylation is initiated within the endoplasmic reticulum through the synthesis of a lipid-linked oligosaccharides (LLO) precursor. This precursor is then transferred on neo-synthesized proteins through the action of the oligosaccharyltransferase giving birth to glycoproteins. The -linked glycans bore by the glycoproteins are then processed into oligomannosides prior to the exit of the glycoproteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and its entrance into the Golgi apparatus.

AtPME3, a ubiquitous cell wall pectin methylesterase of Arabidopsis thaliana, alters the metabolism of cruciferin seed storage proteins during post-germinative growth of seedlings.

AtPME3 (At3g14310) is a ubiquitous cell wall pectin methylesterase. Atpme3-1 loss-of-function mutants exhibited distinct phenotypes from the wild type (WT), and were characterized by earlier germination and reduction of root hair production. These phenotypical traits were correlated with the accumulation of a 21.