The role of bronchial challenge test in guiding therapy in preschool children with atypical recurrent respiratory symptoms.

Objective: This retrospective observational cohort study aimed to assess the real-life application of bronchial challenge test (BCT) in the management of preschool children presenting with atypical recurrent respiratory symptoms (ARRS).

Methods: We included children aged 0.5-6 years referred to a pediatric-pulmonology clinic who underwent BCT using methacholine or adenosine between 2012 and 2018 due to ARRS.

Higher Rates of Hospitalizations among Pediatric Refugees than Local Population Attending the Emergency Department and Longer In-patient Stay.

Background: The global refugee crises have raised concerns among medical communities worldwide; nonetheless, access to healthcare has rarely been studied even though refugees are a medically high-risk group.

Objectives: To compare pediatric department admission rates from the pediatric emergency department (PED) of refugees and Israelis.

Methods: We compared data from refugee and Israeli children admitted to the pediatric department at Wolfson Medical Center in Israel between 2013-2017.

Risk Factors and Characteristics of Candidemia After Cardiac Surgery in Pediatric Patients in Central Israel.

Background: Candidemia is a serious complication in pediatric patients with congenital heart defects (CHD) after cardiac surgery. Information about the epidemiology, clinical characteristics and risk factors for candidemia in this vulnerable population remains limited.

Methods: This retrospective case-control study was conducted in 2 pediatric intensive care units between 2004 and 2019.

Bronchoscopy in the management of children from developing countries undergoing congenital heart surgery.

Objectives: To study the clinical characteristics and impact of bronchoscopy in children from developing countries, referred for cardiac surgery, through the "Save a Child's Heart" (SACH) organization.

Methods: We performed a retrospective hospital-chart review of SACH children (0-18 years old) referred between 2006 and 2021 who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy. We examined demographics, congenital-heart-disease (CHD) types, bronchoscopy's indications and findings, subsequent recommendations, number of ventilation, and intensive-care-unit days.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on respiratory morbidity during infancy: A birth-cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the incidence of wheezing and overall respiratory morbidity in healthy infants born during the first peak of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, compared with infants born during the preceding year.

Methods: This was a single-center retrospective birth cohort study to compare a cohort of children born between February and March 2020 (COVID-19 group) to a control group of children born between February and March 2019 (pre-COVID-19 group). At 1 year of age, we collected respiratory data using parental and telephone questionnaires.