Selective internal carotid artery cross-clamping increases the specificity of cerebral oximetry for indication of shunting during carotid endarterectomy.

Background: An indication for selective shunting during carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is based on monitoring during a procedure. Cerebral oximetry (CO) using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) may be a simple technique, but its relevance during CEA, especially with respect to cutoff values indicating shunt implantation, still needs to be elucidated.

Methods: One hundred twenty five patients underwent CEA under local anesthesia (LA) and were monitored clinically throughout the whole procedure.

Magnetic resonance markers of bilateral neuronal metabolic dysfunction in patients with unilateral internal carotid artery occlusion.

Objectives: To evaluate cerebral hemodynamic, metabolic and anatomic changes occurring in patients with unilateral occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA).

Materials And Methods: Twenty-two patients with unilateral occlusion of ICA and twenty age and sex matched healthy subjects were included in the study. Single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) of the centrum semiovale, semi-automated hippocampal volumetry in T1-weighted scans and transcranial Doppler examination (TCD) with calculation of Breath Holding Index (BHI) were performed in both groups.

Alterations in the basal ganglia in patients with brain tumours may be due to excessive iron deposition.

The accumulation of iron in the brain is a common physiological process. However, alterations in the deposition of iron or other paramagnetic substances are associated with various diseases. In the present study, the deposition of paramagnetic substances in patients with brain tumours was evaluated using T relaxometry.

Alignment of ICNP® 2.0 ontology and a proposed INCP® Brazilian ontology.

Objective: to align the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP®) Version 2.0 ontology and a proposed INCP® Brazilian Ontology.

Method: document-based, exploratory and descriptive study, the empirical basis of which was provided by the ICNP® 2.

[Nursing diagnoses and outcomes related to the circulatory-system terms (ICNP®) represented in an ontology].

The aim of the present study was to develop titles of Nursing Diagnoses and Outcomes (ND/NO) through the relationship between the terms of the Focus axis, limited to the Circulatory System Process, and the terms of other ICNP® axes and to integrate these terms into an ontology. Titles were developed linking 17 terms of the focus axis, which were evaluated by expert nurses in five Brazilian cities. Titles whose use concordance was above 0.