Locoregional staging of breast cancer: contrast-enhanced mammography versus breast magnetic resonance imaging.

Purpose: Breast cancer diagnosis often involves assessing the locoregional spread of the disease through MRI, as multicentricity, multifocality and/or bilaterality are increasingly common. Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) is emerging as a potential alternative method. This study compares the performance of CEM and MRI in preoperative staging of women with confirmed breast carcinoma.

Role of androgen receptor expression in early stage ER+/PgR-/HER2- breast cancer.

Background: Progesterone receptor (PgR) negative breast cancer (BC) is an aggressive subtype with poor prognosis and reduced response to endocrine treatments. Several studies have suggested that androgen receptor (AR) expression is associated with a favorable tumor biology, longer recurrence free survival (RFS), and overall survival. In the literature no data exist regarding the role of AR expression in early stage estrogen receptor (ER)+/PgR- BCs.

[Differential anchorage in orthodontics: problems and clinical implications].

The authors carry out an examination of the principles that lead the "passive" anchorage of the teeth. Furthermore it's considered the possibility to have an different anchorage between two teeth or arch segment with force systems developing different Moment/Force ratio between active and reactive segment. At last, they consider advantages and disadvantages of these systems.

[Craniofacial dysmorphosis: orthodontic and surgical-orthodontic treatment of borderline cases].

The authors, described the typical cranio-facial anomalies in the border-line cases, consider the possibilities of the orthodontic therapy or else of the alternative orthodontic-surgical therapy. The advantages and disadvantages are commented.