Comparative study of the removal of urea by electrocoagulation and electrocoagulation combined with chemical coagulation in aqueous effluents.

Urea is a major issue in human wastewater because it may be easily broken down by the urease enzyme produced by bacteria, leading to ammonia production. Due to its ability to increase soil pH and eutrophicate streams, ammonia-containing effluent emissions pose environmental and health risks. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of various treatment approaches in reducing urea concentrations by comparing the removal rates of conducting electrocoagulation (EC), EC followed by chemical coagulation (EC-CC), and CC followed by electrocoagulation (EC-CC).

Camel milk extracellular vesicles/exosomes: a fascinating frontier in isolation and therapeutic potential.

Camel milk has a unique composition that sets it apart from other types of animal milk, which has captured the interest of medical and scientific communities. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mainly contain exosomes (Exos, 30-200 nm) and microvesicles (MVs, 200-1000 nm). Camel milk EVs, particularly Exos, which we named EVs/Exos, have arisen as a fascinating area of scientific inquiry, holding enormous potential for the future of biomedicine due to their anticancer, antibacterial, antidiabetic nephropathy, and immunostimulatory impacts.

Clinical relevance of midkine as a biomarker predicting atherosclerotic risk factors in individuals with type-2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Midkine (MK) is a member of a small protein family that includes pleiotrophin. MK levels are elevated in obese patients and have a pro-arthrogenic effect through various pathophysiological processes including vascular inflammation and atherogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum MK levels and several atherosclerotic risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Reviving the Critically Ill: Exploring Effective Fluid Resuscitation Approaches for Diverse Hypovolemic Shock Cases-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: The present study was performed to investigate the efficacy of different resuscitation fluids in critically ill patients presenting any type of hypovolemic shock.

Methods: We comprehensively searched PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar for randomized trials published in English from January 1990 to August 2023. The risk of bias and methodological quality assessment was performed using Cochrane's risk of bias tool embedded within the Review Manager software (RevMan 5.

Manual dexterity characteristics throughout the menstrual cycle in healthy female dentists: An observational study.

Objectives: Throughout the regular menstrual cycle, women experience fluctuations in hormonal levels, including estrogen and progesterone. Dentists often perform repetitive hand movements requiring highly proficient manual dexterity to skillfully grip and manipulate tools. Hormonal factors have been suggested to influence female dentists' level of function, thus potentially making them more vulnerable to musculoskeletal injuries than their male counterparts.