Intrinsic timing of brood care in shell-dwelling cichlids.

Brood care relies on interactions between parents and offspring. Emergence of nestlings from their nest has been hypothesized to rely on the readout by the parent of the maturational state of the young. Theoretical considerations predict a conflict: parents should push for early emergence, if possible, to reduce care demands and maximize the number of reproductive cycles, whereas offspring should delay leaving to maximize resource allocation and protection by the parents.

Frequency and predictability effects for line-final words.

Computational models of eye movement control during reading have revolutionized the study of visual, perceptual, and linguistic processes underlying reading. However, these models can only simulate and test predictions about the reading of single lines of text. Here we report two studies that examined how input variables for lexical processing (frequency and predictability) in these models influence the processing of line-final words.

"Gender-Affirming Vaginoplasty Using Robotic Peritoneal Flap Method: Long Term Outcomes of 500 Cases".

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the outcomes of robotic peritoneal flap vaginoplasty.

Background: There is a lack of long-term outcomes data for gender-affirming vaginoplasty to inform patient decision-making.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of 500 consecutive patients undergoing robotic peritoneal flap vaginoplasty from 2017-2023 were reviewed.