A Proteomic Examination of Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Across Colorectal Cancer Stages Uncovers Biological Insights That Potentially Improve Prognosis.

Background: Recent advancements in understanding plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their role in disease biology have provided additional unique insights into the study of Colorectal Cancer (CRC).

Methods: This study aimed to gain biological insights into disease progression from plasma-derived extracellular vesicle proteomic profiles of 80 patients (20 from each CRC stage I-IV) against 20 healthy age- and sex-matched controls using a high-resolution SWATH-MS proteomics with a reproducible centrifugation method to isolate plasma EVs.

Results: We applied the High-Stringency Human Proteome Project (HPP) guidelines for SWATH-MS analysis, which refined our initial EV protein identification from 1362 proteins (10,993 peptides) to a more reliable and confident subset of 853 proteins (6231 peptides).

Comparison of the GoCheck Kids and Spot Screener photoscreening devices for the detection of amblyopia risk factors using 2021 AAPOS recommendations.

Purpose: To compare the Spot Vision Screener (SPOT) to the GoCheck Kids mobile application (GCK) in the evaluation of amblyopia risk factors (ARFs), according to updated 2021 AAPOS guidelines for instrument-based pediatric vision screening.

Methods: SPOT, GCK using horizontal and vertical images (two-photo mode), and a complete eye examination (CEE) were performed on children ages ≥1 to <7 years referred to a pediatric ophthalmologist from October 2020 to December 2022 for a failed vision screen based on manufacturer guidelines. The primary outcomes were sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV) for each photoscreener.

Protein prognostic biomarkers in stage II colorectal cancer: implications for post-operative management.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a significant threat to many human lives worldwide and survival following resection is predominantly stage dependent. For early-stage cancer, patients are not routinely advised to undergo additional post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy. Acceptable clinical management guidelines are well established for patients in pTNM stages I, III and IV.

Colon Lipoma Causing Colo-Colic Intussusception in an Adult: A Case Report from Tanzania.

Intussusception is rarely seen in adulthood but is commonly seen in the pediatric age group. Causes of intussusception in adults are commonly due to tumors and inflammatory diseases. Intussusception in adults accounts for less than 5% of intestinal obstruction.

Freiberg's Disease Involving First Metatarsal Bone Bilaterally in an African Male Patient: A Case Report.

Freiberg's disease is a rare disorder affecting the distal metatarsal bones. With no quantitative estimate of its prevalence, the exact pathophysiology of Freiberg's disease is not clearly recognized. However, micro-trauma, repetitive injury, and vascular insufficiency have been implicated the most as predisposing factors for the condition.