Biomarkers.

Background: Preclinical Alzheimer's disease research has gained traction as a potential point of intervention, though it is relatively unknown how early stages of the disease impact cortical health. The following study utilizes optical imaging methods (Figure 1) to characterize changes in neuronal, glutamate, and hemodynamic activities in a preclinical amyloidosis mouse model of the disease.

Method: Five (n = 5; 2 females & 3 males) APPswe/PS1dE9 x Thy1-jRGECO1a double transgenic mice were breed for whole-brain fluorescent imaging of neuronal activity.

Drug Development.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease associated with neuroinflammation and heightened production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the brain from overactive NADPH Oxidase 2 (NOX2). The current study examines whether administration of a novel, brain-penetrant NOX2 inhibitor (CPP11G & CPP11H) reduces amyloid plaque load and improves AD-associated vascular dysfunction in a male APP-PS1 mouse model of AD.

Method: Intraperitoneal injections of CPP11G (n = 1) or CPP11H (n = 2) three times per week began at 9-10 months of age in the treatment APP-PS1 group (15 mg/kg).

Long-Term Effectiveness and Safety of Proactive Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Infliximab in Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Real-World Study.

Background: This study evaluated the long-term effectiveness and safety of a multidisciplinary early proactive therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) program combined with Bayesian forecasting for infliximab (IFX) dose adjustment in a real-world dataset of paediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: A descriptive, ambispective, single-centre study of paediatric patients with IBD who underwent IFX serum concentration measurements between September 2015 and September 2023. The patients received reactive TDM before September 2019 (n = 17) and proactive TDM thereafter (n = 21).

Mucosal Bacterial Immunotherapy Attenuates the Development of Experimental Colitis by Reducing Inflammation Through the Regulation of Myeloid Cells.

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic relapsing-remitting and potentially progressive form of inflammatory bowel disease in which there is extensive inflammation and mucosal damage in the colon and rectum as a result of an abnormal immune response. MV130 is a mucosal-trained immunity-based vaccine used to prevent respiratory tract infections in various clinical settings. Additionally, MV130 may induce innate immune cells that acquire anti-inflammatory properties and promote tolerance, which could have important implications for chronic inflammatory diseases such as ulcerative colitis.

First isolation of the Sindbis virus in mosquitoes from southwestern Spain reveals a new recent introduction from Africa.

Sindbis virus (SINV), is an of the family . This zoonotic arbovirus is transmitted by mosquitoes, primarily from the genus, with bird species acting as amplifying vertebrate hosts. Occasionally it can also affect humans that are accidental hosts.