HSP110 as a Diagnostic but Not a Prognostic Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer With Microsatellite Instability.

Determination of microsatellite instability (MSI) using molecular test and deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) using immunohistochemistry (IHC) has major implications on colorectal cancer (CRC) management. The microsatellite has been reported to be more monomorphic than the common markers used for MSI determination. Large deletion of has been associated with efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in dMMR/MSI CRCs.

Discordance between immunochemistry of mismatch repair proteins and molecular testing of microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer.

Background: DNA mismatch repair system deficiency (dMMR) is found in 15% of colorectal cancers (CRCs). Two methods are used to determine dMMR, immunohistochemistry (IHC) of MMR proteins and molecular testing of microsatellite instability (MSI). Only studies with a low number of patients have reported rates of discordance between these two methods, ranging from 1% to 10%.

A Diagnostic Biopsy-Adapted Immunoscore Predicts Response to Neoadjuvant Treatment and Selects Patients with Rectal Cancer Eligible for a Watch-and-Wait Strategy.

Purpose: No biomarker to personalize treatment in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is currently available. We assessed in LARC whether a diagnostic biopsy-adapted immunoscore (IS) could predict response to neoadjuvant treatment (nT) and better define patients eligible to an organ preservation strategy ("Watch-and-Wait").

Experimental Design: Biopsies from two independent cohorts ( = 131, = 118) of patients with LARC treated with nT followed by radical surgery were immunostained for CD3 and CD8 T cells and quantified by digital pathology to determine IS.

Detection of Colorectal Cancer and Advanced Adenoma by Liquid Biopsy (Decalib Study): The ddPCR Challenge.

Background: In most countries, participation in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs with the immunological fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) is low. Mutations of RAS and BRAF occur early in colorectal carcinogenesis and "liquid biopsy" allows detection of mutated circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). This prospective study aims to evaluate the performance of RAS and BRAF-mutated ctDNA in detecting CRC and advanced adenomas (AA).

Results and challenges of immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide and clinical outcome has improved substantially during the last two decades with targeted therapies. The immune system has a major role in cancers, especially the CD8 + T cells specific to tumor antigens. However, tumors can escape immune response by different mechanisms including upregulation of inhibitory immune checkpoint receptors, such as well-known Programmed cell Death protein-1 (PD-1)/Programmed cell Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) interaction, leading CD8 + T cells to a state of anergy.