Proteomics analysis in rats reveals convergent mechanisms between major depressive disorder and dietary zinc deficiency.

Background: Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that dietary zinc deficiency can lead to symptoms similar to those observed in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. To investigate these mechanisms, we examined proteomic changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HP) of rats, two critical brain regions implicated in the pathophysiology of depression.

Preliminary investigations of plasma lipidome and selenium levels in adults with treated hypothyroidism and in healthy individuals without selenium deficiency.

The present preliminary study aimed to provide a targeted lipidomic analysis of Hashimoto (HT) and non-HT patients with well-controlled hypothyroidism as well as in healthy adults, and is the first to demonstrate the association of several components of the human lipidome with hypothyroidism in relation to the total plasma selenium content. All the patients and age-, sex-, and BMI-matched healthy controls met the very strict qualification criteria. Se levels were analyzed by ICP-MS, and lipidome studies were conducted using TQ-LC/MS.

Application of Human Plasma Targeted Lipidomics and Analysis of Toxic Elements to Capture the Metabolic Complexities of Hypothyroidism.

Background: Hypothyroidism (HT) affects millions worldwide and can lead to various lipid disorders. The metabolic complexity and the influence of toxic elements in autoimmune and non-autoimmune HT subtypes are not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between plasma lipidome, toxic elements, and clinical classifications of HT in unexposed individuals.

Amyloid beta-induced signalling in leptomeningeal cells and its impact on astrocyte response.

The pathological signature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) includes the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates, mainly consisting of amyloid beta (Aβ). Recent strides in fundamental research underscore the pivotal role of waste clearance mechanisms in the brain suggesting it may be an early indication of early onset AD. This study delves into the involvement of leptomeningeal cells (LMCs), crucial components forming integral barriers within the clearance system, in the context of AD.

Zinc signaling controls astrocyte-dependent synapse modulation via the PAF receptor pathway.

Astrocytes are important regulators of neuronal development and activity. Their activation plays a key role in the response to many central nervous system (CNS) pathologies. However, reactive astrocytes are a double-edged sword as their chronic or excessive activation may negatively impact CNS physiology, for example, via abnormal modulation of synaptogenesis and synapse function.