The trade of illicit cigarettes in Ghana: Insights from a policy synthesis and qualitative study.

The illicit trade of tobacco products trade continues to challenge tobacco control efforts in several African countries, including Ghana. Ghana recently ratified the Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (FCTC) Protocol to Eliminate Illicit Trade in Tobacco Products ('the Protocol'). This Protocol aims to eliminate all kinds of illicit tobacco.

Independent companies in the tobacco supply chain: transparency and environmental social governance.

Objective: Previous research has identified that transnational tobacco companies lack transparency and that they hide their harms to health and nature behind environmental, social and governance (ESG) reporting. Our objective was to find whether independent tobacco supply chain companies similarly lack transparency on tobacco-related activities while prominently displaying ESG.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, mentions of tobacco supply chain activities and ESG company official documentation and websites were explored for independent tobacco supply chain companies (n=80) with identified annual reports included in the Tobacco Supply Chain Database.

An integrated multi-source dataset of elasmobranchs in the Red Sea following the Red Sea Decade Expedition.

Red Sea elasmobranch populations are facing alarming declines. Effective conservation efforts require management strategies informed by extensive datasets and by developing an understanding of distribution patterns within the basin, which is currently lacking. This study introduces CERSE (Central and Eastern Red Sea Elasmobranchs), a comprehensive compilation of elasmobranch observations in the central and eastern Red Sea basin following the route of the Red Sea Decade Expedition.