Defining and assessing risky behaviours.

This paper presents the deliberations and conclusions of an international group of health practitioners, researchers and planners who met in 1991 to explore risky behaviours and risk assessment in the context of the World Health Organization's strategy Health for All By 2000. A definition of risky behaviours is discussed and a method of exploring risk contexts, 'a risk equation', is presented. Lay risk assessment is explored and contrasted with professional perceptions of risk as evidenced in health education campaigns.

Preliminary identification of a tumor-associated glycoprotein in bilharzial bladder cancer urine.

A tumor-associated antigen was preliminarily identified in urine from bilharzial (squamous-cell carcinoma) bladder cancer patients. Monospecific rabbit antisera were made by immunization with concentrated bladder cancer urine and exhaustive absorption with insoluble normal human serum and urine. The urine tumor-associated antigen was identical to an antigen from 3M KCl bladder tumor extract by immunodiffusion.

Assessment of immediate and delayed hypersensitivity skin tests with Schistosoma mansoni adult worm antigen in a rural Egyptian population.

Immediate and delayed hypersensitivity responses to schistosome adult worm skin test antigen were assessed in 418 farmers in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. All were from a population frame being epidemiologically evaluated for bilharzial urinary bladder cancer and thus were all 20 years old or older. A control, group of 108 adult urban dwellers without antecedent or current history of schistosomiasis were also tested.

Effect of storage in recipient's blood on the immunogenicity of tooth allografts in rabbits.

Dental allografts can immunize recipients against skin allografts because some antigens are shared between teeth and skin. The effect of storage in the recipient's blood (ten days, 4 C) on the immunogenicity of subcutaneously allotransplanted rabbit teeth was examined. Storage in blood depressed the antigenicity of teeth, as detected by prolongation of the rejection time of second-set skin grafts in comparison with teeth stored in saline solution, or fresh, nonstored teeth.

Chemical carcinogenesis of submandibular salivary gland in BALB/c mice and syngeneic passage of the tumor.

Twenty-two male BALB/c mice were used in this investigation. A pellet of dry 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene powder was implanted in the submandibular salivary gland. Fifteen epidermoid carcinomas and four sarcomas were induced within a period ranging from 7 to 15 weeks.