Eye Movements as Indicators of Vestibular Dysfunction.

Virtual reality technologies are in wide use in sport psychology. An advantage of this kind of technology is the possibility to assess sportspeople's readiness to perform complex movements. This study is aimed at developing a method for the evaluation of vestibular function disturbances in young skaters.

Mechanisms of achromatic vision in invertebrates and vertebrates: a comparative study.

Intracellular recording in the retina of the snail, Helix pomatia L., reveals the existence of two types of cell responsive to diffuse flashes of achromatic or monochromatic light: B-type cells, which respond with sustained depolarization that is sometimes accompanied by spikes, and D-type cells, which respond with sustained hyperpolarization. The peak of spectral sensitivity for both B- and D-cells falls in the 450-500 nm range and coincides with range of maximal sensitivity for the rhodopsin family of photopigments.

[Mechanisms of achromatic vision in snail Helix lucorum L.: intracellular study of light-sensitive cells in retina].

Intracellular study of the eye of land snail Helix lucorum L. demonstrated two types of visual cells responding to flashes of white light by slow sustained depolarization (D - type) and by slow sustained hyperpolarization (H - type). Peaks of spectral sensitivity of both types at 465-500 nm coincide with the peak of spectral sensitivity of photopigment 'rhodopsin'.

[The electroretinogram of the dark-adapted intact carp Carpio cyprinus L. to color substitution].

Electroretinogram b-wave was studied in intact carp using instantaneous substitution of monochromatic stimulus for another one in the range of 404-681 nm. It was shown that the amplitude of the b-wave as a function of the wavelength was good approximated by the spectrum of a scotopic pigment (porphiropsin) with the absorbtion maximum near 530 nm. The amplitude of the b-wave recorded during alternation of different monochromatic stimuli was determined only by their intensity differences and the level of previous light adaptation.