Precursor films in wetting phenomena.

The spontaneous spreading of non-volatile liquid droplets on solid substrates poses a classic problem in the context of wetting phenomena. It is well known that the spreading of a macroscopic droplet is in many cases accompanied by a thin film of macroscopic lateral extent, the so-called precursor film, which emanates from the three-phase contact line region and spreads ahead of the latter with a much higher speed. Such films have been usually associated with liquid-on-solid systems, but in the last decade similar films have been reported to occur in solid-on-solid systems.

Experimental study of hybrid nematic wetting films.

Liquid crystal layers, with thickness less than 1 μm, are deposited on isotropic - solid or liquid - substrates and investigated in the bulk nematic range of temperatures. The boundary conditions at interfaces are antagonist ones, therefore the layers are distorted due to nematic elasticity. These films are referred to as "hybrid nematics".

Coalescence driven by line tension in thin nematic films.

Thin nematic films deposited on liquid substrates provide a unique situation to investigate coalescence: the whole process can be followed under microscope over a wide range of times, and temperature allows us to monitor the surface viscosity of the surrounding fluid. For the first time, the complete scenario of 2D coalescence has been recorded for a given system in both inviscid limit and viscous environment, enabling us to identify the successive routes of dissipation. In particular, 2D "viscous bubbles" of the surrounding viscous fluid with a bulbous shape formed in the gap between coalescing films are observed.

Thin liquid crystal films on liquids in the nematic range of temperatures.

Hybrid nematic films deposited on liquid substrates reveal a complex behavior, which is not fully understood. Here, the behavior of the n-cyanobiphenyl series on water and glycerol has been studied in a wide temperature range, including the vicinity of the nematic-isotropic (NI) transition. Wettability, allowed film thicknesses, and line tension of nematic domains have been investigated.

Post-Tanner spreading of nematic droplets.

The quasistationary spreading of a circular liquid drop on a solid substrate typically obeys the so-called Tanner law, with the instantaneous base radius R(t) growing with time as R∼t(1/10)-an effect of the dominant role of capillary forces for a small-sized droplet. However, for droplets of nematic liquid crystals, a faster spreading law sets in at long times, so that R∼t(α) with α significantly larger than the Tanner exponent 1/10. In the framework of the thin film model (or lubrication approximation), we describe this 'acceleration' as a transition to a qualitatively different spreading regime driven by a strong substrate-liquid interaction specific to nematics (antagonistic anchoring at the interfaces).