Expression of Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor CSF-1 in Spinal Cord Neurons in Mice with Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

In mice with acute and chronic models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a quantitative study of the dynamics of CSF-1 and IL-34 protein levels in the spinal cord and blood plasma was conducted by ELISA and the specificity of CSF-1 expression in spinal cord cells was examined by immunohistological methods. A significant increase in the level of CSF-1 in the spinal cord was detected and populations of motoneurons with intense CSF-1 immunoreactivity were identified in mice with acute and chronic EAE. The obtained results suggest a possible role of CSF-1 in the pathogenesis and progression of EAE/multiple sclerosis.

CRDS line-shape study of the (7-0) band of CO.

We present the results of the spectral line-shape study of the first measurement of the extremely weak (7-0) band of the CO molecule. Measurements were done with a highly sensitive cavity ring-down spectrometer. Collisional narrowing, analyzed in terms of speed-dependent effects, was observed for the first time for transitions with line intensities below 2⋅10 cm/molecule at 296 K.

Pressure and temperature dependencies of air-perturbed O B-band line shapes.

The air-broadened lines from the oxygen B band were measured for the first time in controlled laboratory conditions with a high signal-to-noise ratio using frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy (FS-CRDS) referenced to the optical frequency comb. Spectra measured at various pressures and temperatures were analyzed with an advanced line-shape model, considering the speed-dependence of collisional broadening and shift, and the effect of velocity-changing collisions. The temperature dependence of collisional broadening and shift is determined, whereas no significant temperature dependence of speed-dependent parameters and Dicke narrowing was observed.

Measurement and calculation of CO (7-0) overtone line intensities.

Intensities of 14 lines in the sixth overtone (7-0) band of carbon monoxide (12C16O) are measured in the visible range between 14 300 and 14 500 cm-1 using a frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectrometer. This is the first observation of such a high and weak overtone spectrum of the CO molecule. A theoretical model is constructed and tested based on the use of a high accuracy ab initio dipole moment curve and a semi-empirical potential energy curve.

Composite Lamina Model Design with the Use of Heuristic Optimization.

In engineering practice, a problem is quite often faced in which the number of unknown parameters exceeds the number of conditions or requirements or, otherwise, there are too many requirements for too few parameters to design. Such under- or over-defined tasks are sometimes not possible to solve using a direct approach. The number of solutions to such problems is multiple, and it is most rational to search for the optimal one by numerical methods since the more unknown design parameters there are to be designed, the more potential solutions there are.