Recommendations for the establishment and operation of a donor human milk bank.

In Europe, an increasing number of human milk banks (HMBs) collect donor human milk to feed preterm infants when their mother's milk is not available or not enough. Moreover, donor milk is a bridge to breastfeeding, with positive clinical and psychological advantages for both mother and infant. Italy, with 41 HMBs actively operating in 2022, has the highest number of HMBs in Europe.

Eating disorders and psychopathological traits in obese preadolescents and adolescents.

Objective: to investigate the presence of eating disorders (ED) and psychopathological traits in obese preadolescents and adolescents compared to normal-weight peers.

Design: Overweight/obese patients aged 11 to 14 y and normal-weight peers' data collected by means of self-report questionnaires administered to parents and children.

Setting: Clinical Nutrition Units in the Municipalities of Rome, Naples, Gallipoli and Atri, Italy.

Survey of Italian human milk banks.

Background: At present, the Italian Association of Donor Human Milk Banks (Associazione Italiana Banche del Latte Umano Donato, AIBLUD) consists of 31 milk banks, whose management is based on Italian Guidelines. In 2013, AIBLUD performed a systematic survey to collect data on the activities of banks operating in Italy in the years previous to this date.

Objective: The purpose of this survey was to evaluate the operational procedures of Italian Human Milk Banks in order to identify both areas of strength and room for improvement.

[Health consequences of obesity in children and adolescents].

Obesity in childhood is associated with the presence of complications that can undermine health immediately or in the long term. Several conditions, such as pulmonary or orthopedic complications are strictly associated with the severity of overweight, since they are directly associated to the mechanic stress of fat tissue on the airways or on the bones. Other conditions, such as metabolic or liver complications, although increasing with the extent of overweight, are associated with insulin resistance, which can be modulated by different other factors (ethnicity, genetics, fat distribution) and can occur in overweight children as well.